Anabolic steroids are synthetic
substances that are derived from the male sex hormone testosterone. They are
widely used in sports requiring large muscle masses have as weightlifting or
bodybuilding, or to increase the displacement capacity as jumping, running or
team sports. Testosterone is the main anabolic steroid natural, responsible for
male sexual maturation and the stimulation of muscle, bone and blood cells.
Anabolic effects in our bodies by
increasing muscle mass due to increase the protein synthesis, Speed recovery
in muscle injuries, Increase glycogen content in the muscles, they act on the
central nervous system increasing aggressiveness. It is also used for
testosterone deficiency, such as delayed puberty, some types of impotence, in
cases of severe anemia or other diseases that cause muscle wasting.
Abuse or inadequate dosing of anabolic
carries substantial health risks which are Premature hair loss, Alteration of
heart, Hypertension, Toxicity, jaundice and liver tumors, Infertility, Aggression,
Menstrual problems in women.
Anabolic steroids are not narcotics
or psychotropic consumed in many cases, no control measures in many sports for
them, so anabolic are considered by many psychiatrists as a drug. Therefore it
is also recommended to use solely under medical prescription.
Some nutritional supplements may
be positive for athletes when they are aimed at long workouts, accelerate the
recovery process, body mass correction, guiding the development of muscle mass,
among others.
Carbohydrates: are useful when the carbohydrate recommended volume
is very high and therefore difficult to consume via the diet.
Proteins: the most widely used dietary supplement. Although some
studies show that it improves endurance, others confirm it can increase muscle
mass if used by strength athletes or endurance exercises.
Creatine: increases the total weight, the force of contraction,
speed, anaerobic power, improves recovery times. Negative effects: impairment
of renal function, dehydration, cramps, fiber rupture, nausea, dizziness,
weakness, diarrhea.
L-Carnitine: the effects would be saving muscle glycogen, provide
energy production and ward off fatigue symptoms, although some of the current
studies do not support it.
L-Tryptophan: quality attributed to stimulate the growth hormone. It
reduces discomfort for prolonged exertion.
Caffeine: increased fatty acid utilization during prolonged
exercise (> 30 min) but ineffective to increase high intensity activities
lasting less than 10 min. High number of side effects.
Sodium bicarbonate: has shown some improvement in the times of
low-intensity exercise lasting between 5 and 7 minutes, but not in the sprints.
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